Any game offering a reduced payout on Blackjack should be avoided by players. Splits The maximum number of hands that can be created by splitting depends on the rules in the casino: some only allow one split. When splitting 10 value cards, not all casinos will allow players to split non-matching 10 cards. For instance, in some casinos you could split two Jacks but could not split a King and a Jack. Some casinos will limit which card ranks can be split, for example no splitting of 10s or splits only allowed on 8s and Aces.
House rules will dictate whether the player is allowed to Double after splitting, and whether a player who splits Aces is allowed to receive more than one additional card on a hand. Surrender Not all casinos offer the Surrender option. A few casinos may offer Early Surrender in which the player can take back half of their bet and give up their hand before the dealer checks for Blackjack.
This is very rare nowadays In European style games there is normally no Surrender option. If Surrender were offered it would of course have to be Early Surrender. Five Card Charlie The side rule is rarely offered. When it is in effect, a player who collects a hand of five cards two cards plus three hits without going bust is immediately paid even money, irrespective of the dealer's hand. Home game blackjack Blackjack can be played at home, rather than in a casino.
In this case a fancy Blackjack table is not needed: just at least one pack of cards and something to bet with - cash, chips or maybe matches. Unless the players have agreed in advance that the host should deal throughout, to ensure a fair game the participants should take turns to be the dealer. The turn to deal can pass to the next player in clockwise order after every hand or every five hands or whatever the players agree.
If playing with a single deck of cards, it is desirable to re-shuffle the cards after every hand. Swedish Pub Blackjack Nightclubs and pubs in Sweden often offer a Blackjack variant that is less favourable to the players. All the essential rules are the same as in the casino version unless the player and dealer have an equal total of 17, 18 or In the casino version the player's stake is returned in these situations, but in Swedish pubs the house wins. The table shows every possible starting player hand running down the left-hand side of the table and all possible dealer upcards running along the top of the table.
Cross referencing the two will tell you the correct play to make. First and foremost, as a general rule the player should never take Insurance. Unless using an advanced and mathematically proven strategy that will alert the player to the rare situations in which Insurance is worthwhile, it should be avoided as a bad bet for the player. Next, it should be understood that every possible combination of player hands and dealer up card has a mathematically correct play.
These can be summarized in what is known as a Basic Strategy table. However, certain plays in the table need to be modified according to the specific combination of rules in force. To be sure of playing correctly, it is necessary to generate a Basic Strategy table for the specific rules of the game being played. Various tools are available online to do this.
It should be noted that even playing perfect Basic Strategy for the rule set in play, the player will still usually be at a disadvantage. Card Counting Card Counting provides the player a mathematically provable opportunity to gain an advantage over the house. It must be understood that this does not guarantee that the player will win. Just as a regular player may win though good luck despite playing at a disadvantage, it is perfectly possible for the Card Counter to lose through an extended period of bad luck even though playing with a small advantage over the House.
The basic premise of Card Counting is that mathematically speaking, low cards on average are beneficial to the dealer while high cards favour the player. There are many subtle reasons for this but the most significant are: A player who receives a Blackjack a ten value card and an Ace — two high cards is paid one and a half times their bet. While the player can stop taking additional cards at any time, rules require the dealer to continue drawing cards until they reach a total of The player can choose whether or not to take an additional card on a total of 16 whereas the dealer has to take one.
In this situation small cards are less likely to cause the dealer to bust are thus favour the dealer, while big cards cause the dealer to bust more often and favour the player. The majority of situations where it is correct of the player to double are starting hands that would be made very strong by the addition of a ten value card or an Ace.
Therefore, doubling becomes more favourable when there are more ten value cards and Aces left in the deck. So the Card Counter looks for times when there are more high cards left to be played than a regular deck would have. Rather than trying to remember each card that has been played, the Card Counter will usually use a ratio system that offsets cards that are good for the player against cards that are good for the dealer.
It may seem counter-intuitive to subtract one for high value cards that are good for the player, but a high card that has been played is one less high card that is left to be played. Where the Running Count is positive the player knows that there are more player favourable cards remaining to be played. When kept correctly the Running Count will start at 0 and, if all the cards were to be played out, would end at 0. This is because there are an equal number of high cards and low cards.
Card Counting systems are generally not impeded by the addition of multiple decks to the game. At any rate multiple decks do not make it significantly more difficult for the Card Counter to keep track of the Running Count, since the Card Counter only needs to keep track of a single number, the Running Count. However many decks are used, the count begins at zero and would end at zero if there were no cards left, so no changes need to be made to the counting process. Where multiple decks do make a difference is in how much impact a positive Running Count has to the player advantage.
If there are 5 decks remaining to be played there are only 2 extra player favourable cards in each deck. To estimate the strength of the player advantage the Running count therefore needs to be divided by the number of decks remaining to be played. This figure is called the True Count. With the True Count the player has a consistent measure of how many extra player favourable cards are contained within the cards remaining to be dealt. The player can use this information to vary their bet and playing strategy.
Deviations from Basic Strategy are far less important than placing big bets when the True Count is high and low bets or preferably nothing when the True count is low or negative. It is important to note that sizing your bet correctly is critical to your long term success as a card counter.
This requires substantial additional knowledge that is beyond the scope of this article. Instead we refer interested readers to the books listed below for an insight into this complex aspect of card counting. While Card Counting is legal in most jurisdictions, for obvious reasons casinos do not like players that can consistently beat them. They therefore employ counter measures and any players they identify as Card Counters will be asked to leave the casino.
The most common method used to identify Card Counters is to watch for a large bet spread difference between the minimum and maximum bet a player uses and to see whether large bets correlate with player favourable counts. Card Counters have developed several methods to help them avoid detection. Named after Blackjack author Stanford Wong, this is the practice of watching the cards being played and only sitting down to play when there is a player favourable count.
This practice reduces the bet spread the player uses as they only place bets in player favourable situations but casinos are now well aware of this strategy and watch out for players hanging around a table and not playing.
The method is still useful, but not without its problems. Team Play. This involves several trained Card Counters working together. Most commonly there would be several 'Spotters' sitting at different tables keeping track of the count and either back counting or playing minimum bets. When a table reaches a positive count the Spotter would signal to the 'Big Player' who would come over and bet big during the player favourable count. This allows both players to make very little variation in their bets.
Casinos are aware of this strategy and watch for groups of players working together. There are several variations on team play designed to be employed in different situations and to different effects. These are covered more fully in the reading resources detailed below. Successful Card Counting is generally only profitable in land based casinos, not in online games. The strategy relies on the game having a "memory" in that cards are dealt from the cards remaining after previous rounds have been played.
Online Blackjack games are dealt by computer and normally use a random number generator to shuffle the whole deck after every round of play. Games of this sort are not countable. There are some Live Blackjack games online, which are played over a video feed with a human dealer. These could technically be counted but there are several significant disadvantages that make this difficult or not worth the player's time: Games of this type are very slow to play.
A slow game means less money made. The games generally offer poor "penetration". This means that the decks are shuffled early, not allowing enough cards to be dealt out for many player favourable situations to develop. The most favourable situations for the player tend to occur further into the shoe. The casino's software records every player bet and all the cards dealt. This makes it relatively easy for a casino to employ software to track the count and watch for players raising their bet or only playing when the count is favourable.
For the above reasons Card Counting has not become commonplace online. Recommended Books There is a great deal more to card counting successfully than we can reasonable cover here. Many books have been written on this subject and we will recommend some of the better ones below: Donald Schlesinger: Blackjack Attack — One of the foremost mathematicians in the Blackjack field, Schlesinger successfully compares the strength of various counting systems in different conditions. Arnold Snyder: Blackbelt in Blackjack — One of the most easily accessible authors on the subject of Blackjack, Snyder still provides everything you need to know to start on your journey.
Rick Blaine: Blackjack Blueprint — A good book covering everything from Basic Strategy, through several counting systems and on to advanced techniques and team play. Bryce Carlson: Blackjack for Blood — Discussion of various card counting systems and strategies to avoid being detected. Includes discussion of some strategies that unlike card counting, may not be legal. As such we would strongly advise user caution and research before engaging some of the strategies discussed.
Ian Andersen: Burning the Tables in Las Vegas — One of the best discussions of how to play successfully long term without being detected. Olaf Vancura and Ken Fuchs: Knockout Blackjack — Credited as being the first published unbalanced counting system system that did not require a True Count conversion.
Ken Uston: Million Dollar Blackjack — An old book now but written by a man famous for popularising the concepts of team play. This book covers several counting systems alongside some advanced techniques. Nathaniel Tilton: The Blackjack Life — A autobiographical account of a small number of players implementing modernised team play strategies.
Very useful insight into how team play can still be effective. Eliot Jacobson: The Blackjack Zone — A lot of space is devoted to how to become a better player and debunking myths surrounding gambling, but this book also has a good treatment of the basics of card counting. Peter Griffin: The Theory of Blackjack — Peter Griffin was one of the most widely respected gambling mathematicians of all time. This book is maths heavy but very informative. There are other good books on this subject but the above are the ones we feel any player should ensure they are familiar with before considering trying to win money by Card Counting.
Sites for blackjack rules, information and analysis Here are some other useful websites with rules and information about Blackjack The forums on this site still contain a wealth of information and discussion on the various aspects of card counting. Blackjack in Color is an unusual free Web-based Blackjack book providing an analysis of Blackjack and Card Counting illustrated by charts.
The author Norm Wattenberger also publishes the Blackjack Scams site, which points out some short-cuts that will more likely cost you money than make a profit, runs Blackjack The Forum and publishes Casino Verite Blackjack Card Counting training software.. Wizard of Odds has a large Blackjack section with information on the game, its variants and strategy.
Don't get carried away with Hitting. If your cards are face-up, you can either touch your finger on the table or use your hand to wave towards yourself. This indicates to the dealer that you want another card, and he or she will then deal you one card from the shoe, face up, and place it next to your original two cards.
You now have to make a decision, on whether to "Stand" or "Hit again". Beware: If the additional card s causes your total to exceed 21, you bust and are out of the game. When should you Double Down Hard Hand Double down when you have a hand of 11 and the dealer shows anything from Double down when you have a hand of 10 and the dealer shows anything from Double down when you have a hand of 9 and the dealer shows anything less than 7 See Blackjack Basic Strategy for Double Down scenarios for a Soft Hand Blackjack hand gestures: "DOUBLE DOWN" - The way to signal that you want to "double down" is to place the extra chips next to your initial bet or simply say to the dealer: "Double-Down, please".
When you say this, the dealer will then ask you to place an additional wager, equivalent to the amount of your original bet next to that original bet, and then deal you one additional card. Splitting Pairs If your first two cards are of equal value, you have the option of "splitting" them into two separate hands. For example, two Aces — you can "split" them into two separate hands, and play them both for the round.
Remember your aim in Blackjack is to get as close to 21 as possible. Never Split two 4's - The reason is simple, if you play the 4's as one hand, it's highly unlikely that you will Bust. The highest you can get is an Ace, giving you a pretty decent hand of Never Split two 5's - A hand with a pair of 5's gives the value of This is a good hand to get you in the high value range of with a Hit.
Playing 2 Aces as one hand starts you off with a value of 12, with the only option of being dealt a 9 to make Now, if you split the Aces you will have 4 ways to get a 21 in either hand by being dealt a 10, Jack, Queen or King Always Split two 8's - Statistically the worst hand in Blackjack is a value of 16 because anything above a five will bust you. Splitting two 8's gives you a much better chance of winning with at least one hand rather than standing with a 16 or risking a Bust by taking another Hit.
Alternatively you can simply say to the dealer: "Split, please". The dealer will then separate the two original cards, place them side-by-side, and then ask you to make a second wager on the second hand. The wager on the second hand must equal the original wager.
Once you make that wager, you are now playing two hands. Note: Pairs may be split three times for a total of four hands, except for Aces that may only be split once. When you "Bust", you lose your wager and that round is over for you.
For example, if your total is, say, 18, and the dealer has the same total of 18, then neither you nor the dealer win or lose. Insurance Insurance is a side bet protecting you against the possibility that the dealer has a blackjack. If the dealer's "up card" is an Ace, you may make an additional wager known as Insurance. You can bet only half your original bet.
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